Growth is driven by manufacturing, agriculture, and tourism, though inequality, debt, and governance constraints remain challenges.
Introduction
Cambodia is a Southeast Asian country bordered by Thailand, Laos, Vietnam, and the Gulf of Thailand. It is known for its Khmer cultural heritage, including Angkor Wat, and continues to integrate into regional trade networks.
Geography
Cambodia features a central alluvial plain surrounded by uplands and low mountains, the Tonle Sap Lake, and the Mekong River system. Its land area is 181,035 km².
People and Society
- Population (2025 est.): 17.23 million
- Ethnic composition: Predominantly Khmer, with minorities including Chinese, Vietnamese, Cham-Malays, Laotians, and Indigenous highland groups.
- Religion: ~96.6% Buddhist (2025).
- Median age: 26.2 years (2025).
Government
Cambodia is a constitutional monarchy with a dominant-party political system. The Cambodian People’s Party (CPP) remains in power, with Hun Manet as Prime Minister since 2023 and Hun Sen retaining significant influence. Governance challenges include limits on civil society, media freedom, and political competition.
Population
- Total: 17.23 million (2025 est.)
- Urbanization: 41.5% (2025).
Economy
Cambodia’s economy is recovering from the pandemic, with 6.0% growth in 2024 and continued solid performance in early 2025. Key sectors include:
- Agriculture (36.1% of GDP)
- Services (40.5% of GDP)
- Industry, especially garments and electronics (17.8% of GDP)
Exports reached US$26.2B in 2024, led by apparel and electronics; imports totaled US$28.54B, mainly fuels, fabrics, and machinery.
Energy
Cambodia’s energy sector includes hydropower, growing transmission infrastructure, and reliance on imported fuels. Hydropower dams and transmission lines are key components of national energy development.
Communications
Cambodia has expanding telecommunications infrastructure, though media freedom remains restricted. Internet and mobile penetration continue to rise, supported by foreign investment.
Transportation
The country’s transportation network includes national highways, river transport along the Mekong and Tonle Sap, and expanding infrastructure projects, particularly in roads and logistics, supported by foreign investment.
Military and Security
Cambodia maintains armed forces under strong CPP influence. Security institutions have historically been used to reinforce political control, with limits on opposition activity and civil liberties.
Travel Advice (General)
- Cambodia is generally safe for tourists, but travelers should remain aware of petty crime risks.
- Political gatherings should be avoided due to restrictions on assembly.
- Infrastructure outside major cities may be limited; exercise caution when traveling by road. (General travel guidance synthesized; no specific source provided in search results.)
Expected Trends for 2026
Based on available economic and political trajectories:
- GDP growth projected around 4.5%.
- Continued expansion of manufacturing, especially electronics and garments.
- Ongoing tourism recovery.
- Persistent challenges: household debt, uneven sectoral recovery, and governance constraints.
