The country continues to pursue sustainability reforms, expand renewable energy—especially solar—and modernize transport and mobility systems. Population growth is modest, with high life expectancy and a diverse expatriate presence.
Introduction
Cyprus is an island nation in the eastern Mediterranean with a 10,000‑year cultural history and a modern economy centered on services, tourism, and international business. It is an EU and eurozone member with a highly educated workforce and a favorable business environment.
Geography
Cyprus covers 9,251 km², including 3,355 km² in the Turkish‑controlled north. The island features a central plain, mountain ranges to the north and south, and a 648 km coastline. The climate is Mediterranean, with hot, dry summers and cool winters.
People and Society
Cyprus has a population of 1.36 million (2024 est.), with 16.1% under 15 and 16.6% over 65. Life expectancy is 77.5 years for men and 83.1 for women. The population is predominantly Orthodox Christian (89.1%). English is widely spoken, and the island is known for its hospitality and Mediterranean lifestyle.
Government
Cyprus is an independent republic with a presidential system. The constitution dates to 1960, though some provisions are inactive due to the 1963 intercommunal crisis. The House of Representatives has 80 seats, with 56 Greek Cypriot seats filled and 24 Turkish Cypriot seats vacant. The island remains divided, with reunification negotiations ongoing.
Population
Population in 2024: 1.36 million, up from 1.1 million in 2006. Net migration is positive (6.3‰ in 2024). Life expectancy has risen to 81.8 years overall.
Economy
Cyprus has a €33.6B GDP (2024) and GDP growth of 3.4%. The economy is service‑driven, with strong tourism and financial services. Unemployment is 4.2% (2025), inflation is low, and public debt stands at 70.6% of GDP. The country is a regional business hub with low operational costs and extensive ICT infrastructure.
Energy
Cyprus is increasing renewable energy adoption, especially solar power, though it remains heavily dependent on fossil fuels. Sustainability initiatives target emissions reduction and improved waste management.
Communications
Cyprus has a modern ICT infrastructure supporting its business‑friendly environment. English is widely used in business, and the country maintains strong international connectivity.
Transportation
Cyprus is implementing sustainable mobility measures to reduce reliance on private vehicles and promote public and active transport. The island has well‑developed road networks and major ports supporting trade.
Military and Security
The island remains divided between the Republic of Cyprus and the Turkish‑controlled north, with UN peacekeepers present since 1964. The political situation remains stable but unresolved, with reunification talks continuing.
Travel Advice
Cyprus is a popular tourist destination known for safety, clean beaches, and a relaxed Mediterranean lifestyle. Visitors should be aware of the political division; crossing points between the Republic and the north are regulated but accessible.
Expected Trends for 2026
- Continued expansion of renewable energy, especially solar.
- Further progress on sustainable mobility and emissions reduction.
- Stable economic growth driven by services and tourism.
- Ongoing but uncertain reunification negotiations.
- Increased focus on circular economy and waste‑reduction reforms.
